Department of Pediatrics

Clinical Interests

Dr. Kristine Wylie is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Pediatrics at Washington University School of Medicine and the McDonnell Genome Institute. Her main research interest is the human microbiome and its relationship to health and disease. During Dr. Wylie’s postdoctoral work, she developed methods for analyzing high-throughput metagenomic shotgun sequence data sets to study the human virome, the viral component of the microbiome. Dr. Wylie analyzed the human virome (eukaryotic viruses) in the healthy subjects from the Human Microbiome Project, providing the first analysis of the commensal virome in a large cohort of generally healthy, asymptomatic people. With Dr. Gregory Storch in Pediatrics, she studied the viromes in children in a study aimed at understanding the role of viruses in children with unexplained fevers. She and her colleagues determined that viruses are frequently found in samples from children with unexplained fever. Dr. Wylie and her colleagues recently developed a targeted sequence capture panel, ViroCap, designed to enrich nucleic acid from eukaryotic DNA and RNA viruses from 34 families that infect vertebrate hosts. This approach will greatly enhance the study of eukaryotic viruses and takes us closer to using high-throughput sequencing as a comprehensive viral diagnostic tool. Dr. Wylie is currently involved in many collaborative efforts that use high-throughput sequencing to study the microbiome and its association with disease.

Education

• BA, Southern Illinois University, 1996
• PhD, Saint Louis University, 2009

Training

• Postdoctoral Research Associate, Washington University School of Medicine, 2009 - 2013

Recent Publications view all (43)

Publication Co-Authors

Indi Trehan, MD, MPH, DTM&H

Gregory A. Storch, M.D.

Lori R. Holtz, M.D., M.S.P.H.

Phillip I. Tarr, M.D.

Richard Buller, Ph.D. D(ABMM)

Barbara B. Warner, M.D.

Mario Castro

Alexis M. Elward, M.D., M.P.H.

Avraham Beigelman, M.D.

Todd Wylie

Leonard B. Bacharier, M.D.

Washington University has a long tradition of collaboration amongst colleagues.The faculty above have co-authored publications with Kristine Wylie, Ph.D.

1. Frayman KB, Armstrong DS, Carzino R, Ferkol TW, Grimwood K, Storch GA, Teo SM, Wylie KM, Ranganathan SC. The lower airway microbiota in early cystic fibrosis lung disease: a longitudinal analysis. Thorax. 2017. PMID:28280235 
2. Wylie KM, Wylie TN, Storch GA. Genome Sequence of Enterovirus D68 from St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 2016. Genome Announc. 2017;5(9). PMCID:PMC5334578  PMID:28254971 
3. Wylie KM. The Virome of the Human Respiratory Tract. Clin Chest Med. 2017;38(1):11-19. PMID:28159153 
4. Wylie KM, Stanley KM, TeKippe EM, Mihindukulasuriya K, Storch GA. Resurgence of Rotavirus Genotype G12 in St. Louis During the 2014-2015 Rotavirus Season. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2016. PMID:27988496 
5. Ordiz MI, Stephenson K, Agapova S, Wylie KM, Maleta K, Martin J, Trehan I, Tarr PI, Manary MJ. Environmental Enteric Dysfunction and the Fecal Microbiota in Malawian Children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2016. PMID:27956653 
6. Rashidi A, Vij KR, Buller RS, Wylie KM, Storch GA, DiPersio JF. Tissue polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Am J Hematol. 2016. PMID:27859620 
7. Cao, S, Wendl, MC, Wyczalkowski, MA, Wylie, K, Ye, K, Jayasinghe, R, Zie, M, Wu, S, Niu, B, Grubb, R 3rd, Johnson, KJ, Gay, H, Chen, K, Rader, JS, DiPersio, JF, Chen, F, Ding, L. Divergent viral presentation among human tumors and adjacent normal tissues Sci Rep. 2016;6:28294. doi:10.1038/srep28294  PMCID:MC4919655  PMID:27339696 
8. Zhou, Y, Bacharier, LB, Isaacson-Schmid, M, Baty, J, Schechtman, KB, Sajol, G, Wylie, K, Storch, GA, Castro, M, Beigelman, A. Azithromycin therapy during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Upper airway microbiome alterations and subsequent recurrent wheeze J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;pii:S0091-6749(16)30288-3. doi:10.116/j.jaci.2016.03.054 [Epub ahead of print]  PMID:27339392 
9. Wylie KM, Blanco-Guzman M, Wylie TN, Lawrence SJ, Ghobadi A, DiPersio JF, Storch GA. High-throughput sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of chronic Propionibacterium acnes meningitis in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient. Transpl Infect Dis. 2016;18(2):227-33. PMID:26895706 
10. Zhou, Y, Wylie, KM, Kim, KY, Pink, AJ, Yand, A, Reindel, R, Baker, SC, Shulman, ST, Orenstein, JM, Lingen, MW, Weinstock, GM, Tylie, TN.. Metagenomic approach for identification of the pathogens associated with diarrhea in stool specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54(2):368-75. doi:0.1128/JCM.01965-15 Epub 2015 Dec 4  PMCID:PMC4733167  PMID:26637379 
11. Rowley AH, Wylie KM, Kim KY, Pink AJ, Yang A, Reindel R, Baker SC, Shulman ST, Orenstein JM, Lingen MW, Weinstock GM, Wylie TN. The transcriptional profile of coronary arteritis in Kawasaki disease. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:1076. PMCID:PMC4683744  PMID:26679344 
12. Wylie KM, Weinstock GM, Storch GA. Emergence of Rotavirus G12P[8] in St. Louis During the 2012-2013 Rotavirus Season. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2015;4(4):e84-9. PMCID:PMC4681384  PMID:26513823 
13. Wylie TN, Wylie KM, Herter BN, Storch GA. Enhanced virome sequencing using targeted sequence capture. Genome Res. 2015;25(12):1910-20. doi:10.1101/gr.191049.115  PMID:26395152 
14. Davis, C, Kota, K, Baldhandapani, V, Gong, W, Abubucker, S, Becker, E, Martin, J, Wylie, KM, Khetani, R, Hudson, ME, Weinstock, GM, Mitreva, M. mBLAST: Keeping up with the sequencing explosion for (meta)genome analysis. J Data Mining Genomics Proteomics. 2015;4(3):135. doi:Epub 2013 Jul 31  PMCID:PMC4612494  PMID:26500804 
15. Wylie TN, Wylie KM, Buller RS, Cannella M, Storch GA. Development and Evaluation of an Enterovirus D68 Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53(8):2641-7. doi:10.1128/JCM.00923-15  PMCID:PMC4508392  PMID:26063859 
16. Farrell JJ, Ikladios O, Wylie KM, O'Rourke LM, Lowery KS, Cromwell JS, Wylie TN, Melendez EL, Makhoul Y, Sampath R, Bonomo RA, Storch GA. Enterovirus D68-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome in adult, United States, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(5):914-6. doi:10.3201/eid2105.142033  PMCID:PMC4412249  PMID:25897542 
17. Wylie KM, Wylie TN, Orvedahl A, Buller RS, Herter BN, Magrini V, Wilson RK, Storch GA. Genome sequence of enterovirus D68 from St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(1):184-6. doi:10.3201/eid2101.141605  PMCID:PMC4285240  PMID:25532062 
18. Wylie KM, Mihindukulasuriya KA, Zhou Y, Sodergren E, Storch GA, Weinstock GM. Metagenomic analysis of double-stranded DNA viruses in healthy adults. BMC Biol. 2014;12(1):71. doi:10.1186/s12915-014-0071-7  PMCID:PMC4177058  PMID:25212266 
19. Zhou Y, Mihindukulasuriya KA, Gao H, La Rosa PS, Wylie KM, Martin JC, Kota K, Shannon WD, Mitreva M, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM. Exploration of bacterial community classes in major human habitats. Genome Biol. 2014;15(5):R66. doi:10.1186/gb-2014-15-5-r66  PMCID:PMC4073010  PMID:24887286 
20. Wylie KM, Weinstock GM, Storch GA. Virome genomics: a tool for defining the human virome. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2013;16(4):479-84. doi:10.1016/j.mib.2013.04.006  PMCID:PMC3755052  PMID:23706900 
21. Korom M, Wylie KM, Wang H, Davis KL, Sangabathula MS, Delassus GS, Morrison LA. A proautophagic antiviral role for the cellular prion protein identified by infection with a herpes simplex virus 1 ICP34.5 mutant. J Virol. 2013;87(10):5882-94. doi:10.1128/JVI.02559-12  PMCID:PMC3648145  PMID:23487467 
22. Zhou Y, Gao H, Mihindukulasuriya KA, La Rosa PS, Wylie KM, Vishnivetskaya T, Podar M, Warner B, Tarr PI, Nelson DE, Fortenberry JD, Holland MJ, Burr SE, Shannon WD, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM. Biogeography of the ecosystems of the healthy human body. Genome Biol. 2013;14(1):R1. doi:10.1186/gb-2013-14-1-r1  PMCID:PMC4054670  PMID:23316946 
23. Wylie KM, Weinstock GM, Storch GA. Emerging view of the human virome. Transl Res. 2012;160(4):283-90. doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2012.03.006  PMCID:PMC3701101  PMID:22683423 
24. Human Microbiome Project Consortium. A framework for human microbiome research. Nature. 2012;486(7402):215-21. doi:10.1038/nature11209  PMCID:PMC3377744  PMID:22699610 
25. Human Microbiome Project Consortium. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012;486(7402):207-14. doi:10.1038/nature11234  PMCID:PMC3564958  PMID:22699609 
26. Wylie KM, Mihindukulasuriya KA, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Storch GA. Sequence analysis of the human virome in febrile and afebrile children. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e27735. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027735  PMCID:PMC3374612  PMID:22719819 
27. Wylie KM, Truty RM, Sharpton TJ, Mihindukulasuriya KA, Zhou Y, Gao H, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Pollard KS. Novel bacterial taxa in the human microbiome. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e35294. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035294  PMCID:PMC3374617  PMID:22719826 
28. McElvania TeKippe E, Wylie KM, Deych E, Sodergren E, Weinstock G, Storch GA. Increased prevalence of anellovirus in pediatric patients with fever. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e50937. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050937  PMCID:PMC3511395  PMID:23226428 
29. Fodor AA, DeSantis TZ, Wylie KM, Badger JH, Ye Y, Hepburn T, Hu P, Sodergren E, Liolios K, Huot-Creasy H, Birren BW, Earl AM. The "most wanted" taxa from the human microbiome for whole genome sequencing. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41294. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041294  PMCID:PMC3406062  PMID:22848458 
30. Holtz LR, Wylie KM, Sodergren E, Jiang Y, Franz CJ, Weinstock GM, Storch GA, Wang D. Astrovirus MLB2 viremia in febrile child. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17(11):2050-2. doi:10.3201/eid1711.110496  PMCID:PMC3310569  PMID:22099095 
31. Cano-Monreal GL, Wylie KM, Cao F, Tavis JE, Morrison LA. Herpes simplex virus 2 UL13 protein kinase disrupts nuclear lamins. Virology. 2009;392(1):137-47. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2009.06.051  PMCID:PMC2769575  PMID:19640559 
32. Wylie KM, Schrimpf JE, Morrison LA. Increased eIF2alpha phosphorylation attenuates replication of herpes simplex virus 2 vhs mutants in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and correlates with reduced accumulation of the PKR antagonist ICP34.5. J Virol. 2009;83(18):9151-62. doi:10.1128/JVI.00886-09  PMCID:PMC2738226  PMID:19587046 
33. Pasieka TJ, Lu B, Crosby SD, Wylie KM, Morrison LA, Alexander DE, Menachery VD, Leib DA. Herpes simplex virus virion host shutoff attenuates establishment of the antiviral state. J Virol. 2008;82(11):5527-35. doi:10.1128/JVI.02047-07  PMCID:PMC2395185  PMID:18367525 
34. Korom M, Wylie KM, Morrison LA. Selective ablation of virion host shutoff protein RNase activity attenuates herpes simplex virus 2 in mice. J Virol. 2008;82(7):3642-53. doi:10.1128/JVI.02409-07  PMCID:PMC2268463  PMID:18234805 
35. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK. Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005;434(7034):724-31. doi:10.1038/nature03466  PMID:15815621 
36. Wallis JW, Aerts J, Groenen MA, Crooijmans RP, Layman D, Graves TA, Scheer DE, Kremitzki C, Fedele MJ, Mudd NK, Cardenas M, Higginbotham J, Carter J, McGrane R, Gaige T, Mead K, Walker J, Albracht D, Davito J, Yang SP, Leong S, Chinwalla A, Sekhon M, Wylie K, Dodgson J, Romanov MN, Cheng H, de Jong PJ, Osoegawa K, Nefedov M, Zhang H, McPherson JD, Krzywinski M, Schein J, Hillier L, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Warren WC. A physical map of the chicken genome. Nature. 2004;432(7018):761-4. doi:10.1038/nature03030  PMID:15592415 
37. International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome. Nature. 2004;431(7011):931-45. doi:10.1038/nature03001  PMID:15496913 
38. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK. The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003;424(6945):157-64. doi:10.1038/nature01782  PMID:12853948 
39. Gregory SG, Sekhon M, Schein J, Zhao S, Osoegawa K, Scott CE, Evans RS, Burridge PW, Cox TV, Fox CA, Hutton RD, Mullenger IR, Phillips KJ, Smith J, Stalker J, Threadgold GJ, Birney E, Wylie K, Chinwalla A, Wallis J, Hillier L, Carter J, Gaige T, Jaeger S, Kremitzki C, Layman D, Maas J, McGrane R, Mead K, Walker R, Jones S, Smith M, Asano J, Bosdet I, Chan S, Chittaranjan S, Chiu R, Fjell C, Fuhrmann D, Girn N, Gray C, Guin R, Hsiao L, Krzywinski M, Kutsche R, Lee SS, Mathewson C, McLeavy C, Messervier S, Ness S, Pandoh P, Prabhu AL, Saeedi P, Smailus D, Spence L, Stott J, Taylor S, Terpstra W, Tsai M, Vardy J, Wye N, Yang G, Shatsman S, Ayodeji B, Geer K, Tsegaye G, Shvartsbeyn A, Gebregeorgis E, Krol M, Russell D, Overton L, Malek JA, Holmes M, Heaney M, Shetty J, Feldblyum T, Nierman WC, Catanese JJ, Hubbard T, Waterston RH, Rogers J, de Jong PJ, Fraser CM, Marra M, McPherson JD, Bentley DR. A physical map of the mouse genome. Nature. 2002;418(6899):743-50. doi:10.1038/nature00957  PMID:12181558 
40. Hukriede N, Fisher D, Epstein J, Joly L, Tellis P, Zhou Y, Barbazuk B, Cox K, Fenton-Noriega L, Hersey C, Miles J, Sheng X, Song A, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Dawid IB, Chevrette M, Zon LI, McPherson J, Ekker M. The LN54 radiation hybrid map of zebrafish expressed sequences. Genome Res. 2001;11(12):2127-32. doi:10.1101/gr.210601  PMCID:PMC311215  PMID:11731504 
41. Tilford CA, Kuroda-Kawaguchi T, Skaletsky H, Rozen S, Brown LG, Rosenberg M, McPherson JD, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Kucaba TA, Waterston RH, Page DC. A physical map of the human Y chromosome. Nature. 2001;409(6822):943-5. doi:10.1038/35057170  PMID:11237016 
42. Lander ES, Linton LM, Birren B, Nusbaum C, Zody MC, Baldwin J, Devon K, Dewar K, Doyle M, FitzHugh W, Funke R, Gage D, Harris K, Heaford A, Howland J, Kann L, Lehoczky J, LeVine R, McEwan P, McKernan K, Meldrim J, Mesirov JP, Miranda C, Morris W, Naylor J, Raymond C, Rosetti M, Santos R, Sheridan A, Sougnez C, Stange-Thomann Y, Stojanovic N, Subramanian A, Wyman D, Rogers J, Sulston J, Ainscough R, Beck S, Bentley D, Burton J, Clee C, Carter N, Coulson A, Deadman R, Deloukas P, Dunham A, Dunham I, Durbin R, French L, Grafham D, Gregory S, Hubbard T, Humphray S, Hunt A, Jones M, Lloyd C, McMurray A, Matthews L, Mercer S, Milne S, Mullikin JC, Mungall A, Plumb R, Ross M, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Waterston RH, Wilson RK, Hillier LW, McPherson JD, Marra MA, Mardis ER, Fulton LA, Chinwalla AT, Pepin KH, Gish WR, Chissoe SL, Wendl MC, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Delehaunty A, Kramer JB, Cook LL, Fulton RS, Johnson DL, Minx PJ, Clifton SW, Hawkins T, Branscomb E, Predki P, Richardson P, Wenning S, Slezak T, Doggett N, Cheng JF, Olsen A, Lucas S, Elkin C, Uberbacher E, Frazier M, Gibbs RA, Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Bouck JB, Sodergren EJ, Worley KC, Rives CM, Gorrell JH, Metzker ML, Naylor SL, Kucherlapati RS, Nelson DL, Weinstock GM, Sakaki Y, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Yada T, Toyoda A, Itoh T, Kawagoe C, Watanabe H, Totoki Y, Taylor T, Weissenbach J, Heilig R, Saurin W, Artiguenave F, Brottier P, Bruls T, Pelletier E, Robert C, Wincker P, Smith DR, Doucette-Stamm L, Rubenfield M, Weinstock K, Lee HM, Dubois J, Rosenthal A, Platzer M, Nyakatura G, Taudien S, Rump A, Yang H, Yu J, Wang J, Huang G, Gu J, Hood L, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Davis RW, Federspiel NA, Abola AP, Proctor MJ, Myers RM, Schmutz J, Dickson M, Grimwood J, Cox DR, Olson MV, Kaul R, Raymond C, Shimizu N, Kawasaki K, Minoshima S, Evans GA, Athanasiou M, Schultz R, Roe BA, Chen F, Pan H, Ramser J, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, McCombie WR, de la Bastide M, Dedhia N, Blöcker H, Hornischer K, Nordsiek G, Agarwala R, Aravind L, Bailey JA, Bateman A, Batzoglou S, Birney E, Bork P, Brown DG, Burge CB, Cerutti L, Chen HC, Church D, Clamp M, Copley RR, Doerks T, Eddy SR, Eichler EE, Furey TS, Galagan J, Gilbert JG, Harmon C, Hayashizaki Y, Haussler D, Hermjakob H, Hokamp K, Jang W, Johnson LS, Jones TA, Kasif S, Kaspryzk A, Kennedy S, Kent WJ, Kitts P, Koonin EV, Korf I, Kulp D, Lancet D, Lowe TM, McLysaght A, Mikkelsen T, Moran JV, Mulder N, Pollara VJ, Ponting CP, Schuler G, Schultz J, Slater G, Smit AF, Stupka E, Szustakowki J, Thierry-Mieg D, Thierry-Mieg J, Wagner L, Wallis J, Wheeler R, Williams A, Wolf YI, Wolfe KH, Yang SP, Yeh RF, Collins F, Guyer MS, Peterson J, Felsenfeld A, Wetterstrand KA, Patrinos A, Morgan MJ, de Jong P, Catanese JJ, Osoegawa K, Shizuya H, Choi S, Chen YJ, Szustakowki J, International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature. 2001;409(6822):860-921. doi:10.1038/35057062  PMID:11237011 
43. McPherson JD, Marra M, Hillier L, Waterston RH, Chinwalla A, Wallis J, Sekhon M, Wylie K, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Fulton R, Kucaba TA, Wagner-McPherson C, Barbazuk WB, Gregory SG, Humphray SJ, French L, Evans RS, Bethel G, Whittaker A, Holden JL, McCann OT, Dunham A, Soderlund C, Scott CE, Bentley DR, Schuler G, Chen HC, Jang W, Green ED, Idol JR, Maduro VV, Montgomery KT, Lee E, Miller A, Emerling S, Kucherlapati, Gibbs R, Scherer S, Gorrell JH, Sodergren E, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Tabor P, Naylor S, Garcia D, de Jong PJ, Catanese JJ, Nowak N, Osoegawa K, Qin S, Rowen L, Madan A, Dors M, Hood L, Trask B, Friedman C, Massa H, Cheung VG, Kirsch IR, Reid T, Yonescu R, Weissenbach J, Bruls T, Heilig R, Branscomb E, Olsen A, Doggett N, Cheng JF, Hawkins T, Myers RM, Shang J, Ramirez L, Schmutz J, Velasquez O, Dixon K, Stone NE, Cox DR, Haussler D, Kent WJ, Furey T, Rogic S, Kennedy S, Jones S, Rosenthal A, Wen G, Schilhabel M, Gloeckner G, Nyakatura G, Siebert R, Schlegelberger B, Korenberg J, Chen XN, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Toyoda A, Yada T, Park HS, Sakaki Y, Shimizu N, Asakawa S, Kawasaki K, Sasaki T, Shintani A, Shimizu A, Shibuya K, Kudoh J, Minoshima S, Ramser J, Seranski P, Hoff C, Poustka A, Reinhardt R, Lehrach H, International Human Genome Mapping Consortium. A physical map of the human genome. Nature. 2001;409(6822):934-41. doi:10.1038/35057157  PMID:11237014